Difference between revisions of "Python PDS4 Tools"

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== Introduction ==
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'''Python and PDS4'''
  
 
This document describes the current status and usage of Python tools developed at PDS-SBN to read and visualize PDS4 data in Python. Please note that a [http://pds-smallbodies.astro.umd.edu/tools/tools_readPDS.shtml PDS4 reader and visualizer for IDL] is also available.
 
This document describes the current status and usage of Python tools developed at PDS-SBN to read and visualize PDS4 data in Python. Please note that a [http://pds-smallbodies.astro.umd.edu/tools/tools_readPDS.shtml PDS4 reader and visualizer for IDL] is also available.

Revision as of 20:09, 27 May 2016

Python and PDS4

This document describes the current status and usage of Python tools developed at PDS-SBN to read and visualize PDS4 data in Python. Please note that a PDS4 reader and visualizer for IDL is also available.

Reading and Displaying PDS4 Data

Introduction

This section describes a Python package that can read and display PDS4 data and meta data. In the future this tool is expected to support all PDS4 data structures, currently support is limited to structures given in the Supported Data Structures section. The package expects valid PDS4 labels formatted according to the PDS4 Standard.

Contact Lev Nagdimunov with questions or comments regarding this code or its description.

Requirements

Python 2.6+ or 3.3+

pds4_read: None
pds4_viewer: NumPy, matplotlib

You may use pds4_read to read-in data without any extra packages; pds4_viewer requires recent versions of the additional packages.

Optional Features

pds4_read: NumPy
Recommended for Arrays and Tables containing GROUP fields to allow for multi-dimensional indexing. Can result in significant improvements in memory usage and read-in speed for some data structures.

pds4_viewer: None

Supported Data Structures

PDS4 Data Standards >= v1.0 are supported.
PDS3 Data Standards are not supported.

The table below lists the main PDS4 data structures and the current status.

Read-in column indicates support by pds4_read()
Display columns indicate support by pds4_viewer().

Structure Read-in Display as Table Display as Image Display Columns as Plot
Array Yes Yes Yes, N-dims Under Development
Array_2D Yes Yes Yes Under Development
Array_2D_* Yes Yes Yes Under Development
Array_3D Yes Yes Yes Under Development
Array_3D_* Yes Yes Yes Under Development
Table_Character Yes Yes No Under Development
Table_Binary Yes, except BitFields Yes No Under Development
Table_Delimited Yes Yes No Under Development

Download

Download the ZIP file File:PDS4_tools-0.52.zip. Released on April 4, 2016.

Note: This is software that is still actively being developed.

Note: A distributable version of the viewer only, which does not require Python, is available.

Installation

Option 1

Use "pip install PDS4_tools-0.52.zip" or "easy_install PDS4_tools-0.52.zip". You can also extract the ZIP file and use "python /path/to/extracted/setup.py install". Note that there is no uninstall script provided (although "pip uninstall pds4_tools" should work), and that this tool will be updated in the future.

Option 2

Extract the downloaded file to a directory Python can find. To use it follow the instructions in Example Usage except with the following lines first,

import sys
sys.path.extend(['/path/to/your/extraction/directory'])

# On a windows machine use backslashes (/) instead of windows' normal forward slashes to specify paths

Example Usage

pds4_read

Import via "from pds4_tools import pds4_read". You may then call pds4_read from your own code. The following is the docstring for pds4_read:

    Reads PDS4 compliant data into a `StructureList`.

    Given a PDS4 label, reads the PDS4 data described in the label and
    associated label meta data into a `StructureList`, with each PDS4 data
    structure (e.g. Array_2D, Table_Binary, etc) as its own `Structure`. By
    default all data structures described in the label are immediately
    read into memory.

    Notes
    -----
    Header and Stream Text data structures are currently unsupported
    and will be skipped on read-in.

    Python 2 v. Python 3: All data strings are returned as byte strings. In
    Python 2 non-data strings (e.g. meta data, labels, etc) are byte
    strings and in Python 3 they are unicode strings.

    Parameters
    ----------
    filename : str
        The filename, including full or relative path if necessary, of
        the PDS4 label describing the data.
    quiet : bool, optional
        Suppresses all info/warnings from being output.
    lazy_load : bool, optional
        If True, then the data of each PDS4 data structure will not be
        read-in to memory until the first attempt to access it. Defaults
        to False.
    no_scale: bool, optional
        Returned data will be directly as written in the data file,
        ignoring offset or scaling values. Defaults to False.
    use_numpy : bool, optional
        Returned data will be an `np.ndarray` and use NumPy data types.
        Defaults to True if NumPy is installed.

    Returns
    -------
    StructureList
        Contains PDS4 data `Structure`s, each of which contains the data,
        the meta data and the label portion describing that data structure.
        `StructureList` can be treated/accessed/used like a ``dict`` or
        ``list``.

    Examples
    --------

    Below we document how to read data described by an example label
    which has two data structures, an Array_2D_Image and a Table_Binary.
    An outline of the label, including the array and a table with 3
    fields, is given.

    >>> struct_list = pds4_read('/path/to/Example_Label.xml')

    Example Label Outline:

        Array_2D_Image: unnamed
        Table_Binary: Observations
            Field: order
            Field: wavelength
            Group: unnamed
                Field: pos_vector

    All below documentation assumes that the above outlined label,
    containing an array that does not have a name indicated in the label,
    and a table that has the name 'Observations' with 3 fields as shown,
    has been read-in.

    Accessing Example Structures:

        To access the data structures in `StructureList`, which is returned
        by pds4_read(), you may use any combination of `dict` or `list`.

        >>> unnamed_array = struct_list[0]
        >>>              or struct_list['ARRAY_0']

        >>> obs_table = struct_list[1]
        >>>          or struct_list['Observations']

    Label or Structure Overview:

        To see a summary of the data structures, which for Arrays shows the
        type and dimensions of the array, and for Tables shows the type
        and number of fields, you may use the info() method. Calling
        info() on a specific `Structure` instead of `StructureList` will
        provide a more detailed summary, including all Fields for a table.

        >>> struct_list.info()
        >>> unnamed_array.info()
        >>> obs_table.info()

    Accessing Example Label data:

        To access the read-in data, as an array-like (either list,
        array.array or ndarray), you can use the data attribute for a
        PDS4 Array data structure, or the field() method to access a field
        for a table.

        >>> unnamed_array.data
        >>> obs_table.field('wavelength')
        >>> obs_table.field('pos_vector')

    Accessing Example Label meta data:

        You can access all meta data in the label for a given PDS4 data
        structure or field via the `OrderedDict` meta_data attribute. The
        below examples use the 'description' element.

        >>> unnamed_array.meta_data['description']

        >>> obs_table.field('wavelength').meta_data['description']
        >>> obs_table.field('pos_vector').meta_data['description']

    Accessing Example Label:

        The XML for a label is also accessible via the label attribute,
        either the entire label or for each PDS4 data structure.

        Entire label:
            >>> struct_list.label

        Part of label describing Observations table:
            >>> struct_list['Observations'].label
            >>> struct_list[1].label

        The returned object is similar to an ElementTree instance. It is
        searchable via find() and findall() methods and XPATH. Consult
        ElementTree manual for more details. For example,

        >>> struct_list.label.findall('.//disp:Display_Settings')

        Will find all elements in the entire label named 'Display_Settings'
        which are in the 'disp' namespace. You can additionally use the
        to_dict() and to_string() methods.

pds4_viewer

Import via "from pds4_tools import pds4_viewer". To display the data structures (such as images, spectra, or tables) in a label you may then call pds4_viewer from the Python interpreter, with or without any arguments:

    Displays PDS4 compliant data in a GUI.

    Given a PDS4 label, displays PDS4 data described in the label and
    associated label meta data in a GUI. By default all data structures described
    in the label are read-in and displayed. Can be called without any
    parameters, opening a GUI that has a File->Open function to select
    desired label to be read-in and displayed.

    Parameters:

        filename : str, optional
            The filename, including full or relative path if necessary, of
            the PDS4 label describing the data to be viewed.
        from_existing_structures : StructureList, optional
            An existing StructureList, as returned by pds4_read(), to view. Takes
            precedence if given together with filename.
        lazy_load : bool, optional
            Do not read-in data of each data structure until attempt to view said
            data structure. Defaults to True.
        quiet : bool, optional
            If True, suppresses all info/warnings from being output and displayed.
            Defaults to False.

It is not necessary to include the filename parameter for pds4_viewer, you may simplify call it without any options or arguments and a GUI will open from which you can open labels.

You may also call pds4_viewer from another module or script. All the above arguments are available as optional named parameters. A basic example usage is as follows:

""" Basic pds4_viewer example """

from pds4_tools import pds4_read, pds4_viewer

pds4_viewer()

# or

pds4_viewer('/path/to/label.xml')

# or 

struct_list = pds4_read('label.xml')
pds4_viewer(from_existing_structures=struct_list) # Won't re-read the data